What are patent rights?

Patents are generally granted to protect inventions, but what is eligible for patent protection and related provisions differ across different countries. For example, in China, scientific discoveries, animal and plant varieties, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and substances obtained by nuclear transformation methods are not eligible for patent protection. However, in Japan, new varieties of animals and plants, as well as substances obtained by nuclear transformation methods, can be protected by patents. The U.S. does not allow patent protection for substances obtained by nuclear transformation but allows it for new plant varieties. China's patent system includes patents for inventions, utility models, and industrial designs. Invention and utility model patents protect technical solutions, while industrial designs protect the shapes, patterns, and similar attributes of industrial products.
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